Which minerals are found in the igneous rocks gabbro and basalt?
Answer (3)
Basalt is a dark-coloured , fine-grained, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals.
Gabbro is any of several medium or coarse-grained rocks that consist primarily of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene.
What is a mineral?
A mineral is a **naturally **occurring inorganic element or compound having an orderly internal structure.
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The minerals found in the igneous rocks gabbro and basalt are mainly mafic minerals such as pyroxene and plagioclase feldspar, with basalt also potentially containing olivine. Gabbro, being coarse-grained, may allow you to see these minerals more clearly than in basalt, which has fine-grained textures that make it harder to identify individual minerals without magnification. Both rocks are rich in iron and magnesium, contributing to their darker coloration when compared to felsic rocks that contain a higher proportion of lighter-colored minerals like quartz and potassium feldspar.
To identify minerals in an extrusive igneous rock like basalt with grains too small to see, geologists rely on the overall color of the rock and the texture. As extrusive rocks, basalts cool quickly on the Earth's surface, leading to the small grain size. The dark color of mafic rocks like gabbro and basalt indicates the presence of minerals such as olivine and pyroxene, which are rich in iron and magnesium.
Gabbro and basalt are mafic igneous rocks that primarily contain plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. Gabbro is coarse-grained, while basalt is fine-grained due to rapid cooling. Both rocks may also include small amounts of olivine or amphibole.
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