Naiñe.
Formula.
2. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between the following solutions below:
a. [tex]HCl ( aq )+ MgO ( s ) \longrightarrow[/tex]:
+
b. [tex]HNO _3( aq )+ Ca ( OH )_2( aq ) \longrightarrow[/tex]
+
c. [tex]H _2 SO _4( aq )+ KOH ( aq ) \longrightarrow[/tex]
+
3. From the following neutralization reaction, write
a. a balanced equation
b. an ionic equation and
c. a net ionic equation for the reaction not involving the spectator ions.
4. [tex]HNO _3+ NH _4 OH \longrightarrow[/tex]
Answer (1)
Balance the chemical equations for the reactions involving acids and bases.
Write the balanced equation, ionic equation, and net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction between nitric acid and ammonium hydroxide.
The balanced equations are:
2 H Cl ( a q ) + M g O ( s ) ⟶ M g C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l )
2 H N O 3 ( a q ) + C a ( O H ) 2 ( a q ) ⟶ C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 H 2 O ( l )
H 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + 2 K O H ( a q ) ⟶ K 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + 2 H 2 O ( l )
For the reaction of H N O 3 and N H 4 O H :
Balanced: H N O 3 ( a q ) + N H 4 O H ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 N O 3 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l )
Ionic: H + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + N H 4 + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l )
Net Ionic: H + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ H 2 O ( l )
Explanation
Problem Analysis Let's analyze the problem. We need to complete and balance chemical equations for acid-base reactions. Then, for one of the reactions, we need to write the balanced equation, the ionic equation, and the net ionic equation.
Balancing Chemical Equations
Balanced chemical equations: a. H Cl ( a q ) + M g O ( s ) ⟶ M g C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) To balance this equation, we need two moles of H Cl :
2 H Cl ( a q ) + M g O ( s ) ⟶ M g C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) b. H N O 3 ( a q ) + C a ( O H ) 2 ( a q ) ⟶ C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) To balance this equation, we need two moles of H N O 3 and two moles of H 2 O :
2 H N O 3 ( a q ) + C a ( O H ) 2 ( a q ) ⟶ C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 H 2 O ( l ) c. H 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + K O H ( a q ) ⟶ K 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) To balance this equation, we need two moles of K O H and two moles of H 2 O :
$H _2 SO _4( aq )+ 2KOH ( aq ) \longrightarrow K_2SO_4 (aq) + 2H_2O (l)
Writing Equations for Neutralization Reaction
Neutralization reaction H N O 3 + N H 4 O H ⟶ :
a. Balanced equation: H N O 3 ( a q ) + N H 4 O H ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 N O 3 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) b. Ionic equation: H + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + N H 4 + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) c. Net ionic equation: H + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ H 2 O ( l )
Final Answer Therefore, the balanced equations are:
a. 2 H Cl ( a q ) + M g O ( s ) ⟶ M g C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) b. 2 H N O 3 ( a q ) + C a ( O H ) 2 ( a q ) ⟶ C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 H 2 O ( l ) c. H 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + 2 K O H ( a q ) ⟶ K 2 S O 4 ( a q ) + 2 H 2 O ( l )
a. H N O 3 ( a q ) + N H 4 O H ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 N O 3 ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) b. H + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + N H 4 + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ N H 4 + ( a q ) + N O 3 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) c. H + ( a q ) + O H − ( a q ) ⟶ H 2 O ( l )
Examples
Understanding and balancing chemical equations are fundamental in many real-world applications. For instance, in wastewater treatment, we need to neutralize acidic or basic pollutants before releasing the water back into the environment. Similarly, in agriculture, understanding the reactions between fertilizers and soil components helps optimize nutrient availability for plants. In medicine, understanding acid-base reactions is crucial for maintaining the body's pH balance.
