The question is about the functions of management, which is a key topic in the field of business. Management functions are traditionally defined in terms of four basic functions:
Planning : This involves setting objectives and determining a course of action to achieve those objectives. It is the first step in management because it helps to define the direction for all efforts.
Organizing : After planning, organizing involves distributing resources and assigning tasks to achieve the objectives set forth in the planning phase. It establishes the internal structure of the organization.
Directing : Also known as leading, this function involves motivating and leading employees to execute the plans and processes effectively. It includes elements such as communication, motivation, and leadership.
Controlling : This function is about monitoring and evaluating the processes and ensuring that the organization's goals are met. It involves setting performance standards, measuring actual performance, and taking corrective actions if required.
Given these definitions, the most accurate answer to the multiple-choice question is:
C) Planning, organizing, directing, controlling .
This choice correctly corresponds to the classic functions of management as widely accepted in business literature. Options A, B, and D include tasks and functions that are more specific and do not cover the broad, overall responsibilities of management.