Measurements of two electric currents are shown in the chart.
Electric Currents
| Current | Volts | Amperes |
| :------ | :---- | :------ |
| X | 1.5 | 7.8 |
| Y | 9 | 0.5 |
Which best compares the two currents?
A. Current X has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
B. Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
C. Current X has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a faster rate.
D. Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a faster rate.
Answer (1)
Current Y has a greater potential difference.
Current Y has a slower rate of charge flow.
Current X has a smaller potential difference.
Current X has a faster rate of charge flow.
Therefore, Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given the measurements of two electric currents, X and Y, in terms of Volts (potential difference) and Amperes (rate of charge flow). We need to compare the two currents based on these measurements.
Identifying the Given Values From the table, we can see that:
Current X has a potential difference of 1.5 Volts and a current of 7.8 Amperes.
Current Y has a potential difference of 9 Volts and a current of 0.5 Amperes.
Comparing Potential Differences Comparing the potential differences, we see that Current Y (9 Volts) has a greater potential difference than Current X (1.5 Volts).
Comparing Rate of Charge Flow Comparing the currents (Amperes), we see that Current X (7.8 Amperes) has a greater current than Current Y (0.5 Amperes). This means the charges flow at a faster rate in Current X. Conversely, the charges flow at a slower rate in Current Y.
Conclusion Therefore, Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
Examples
Understanding electric currents is crucial in designing circuits and electronic devices. For example, when designing a simple circuit with a battery and a light bulb, knowing the voltage and current requirements of the bulb helps in selecting the appropriate battery. If the bulb requires a higher voltage than the battery provides, it won't light up. Similarly, if the current is too low, the bulb will be dim. By carefully matching the voltage and current, we can ensure the circuit functions correctly and efficiently.
