In the context of drug studies, an IND, or Investigational New Drug application, is required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before a new drug is permitted to enter clinical trials in humans. If the FDA determines that an IND is not required, it generally means that the drug study may not involve a new drug or new use, dosing, or patient population that requires investigative oversight under an IND.
Here are some reasons why an IND might not be required:
Bioequivalence Studies: If the study is to demonstrate that a generic drug has the same bioavailability as a currently approved branded drug, it typically does not require an IND.
Non-significant Changes: The study may involve only minor changes in dose or formulation that do not require IND oversight.
Old Investigational Uses: The drug might be under investigation for uses that are already established without changes significant enough to warrant an IND.
Marketed Drugs: If the study involves a drug already approved for the market for its intended use, and there is no intent to represent any change in labeling or new patient population.
It is important for sponsors or researchers to consult with the FDA to ensure their studies comply with regulations, and to confirm whether an IND is needed. Always adhere to the FDA's guidance and regulatory framework to ensure the integrity and legality of your research.