1. State 4 differences between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
2. Calculate the P.E of a pawpaw fruit of mass 5g hanging at a height of 1200cm. Take acceleration due to gravity as 9.8N/kg.
3. A "John Mahama Camboo " of mass 60,000g carrying Principal to campus attained a K.E of 24KJ. Determine its velocity.
Answer (2)
Renewable energy sources are replenished naturally and have less environmental impact compared to non-renewable sources. The potential energy of a 5g pawpaw fruit at 1200cm height is 0.588 Joules, and the velocity of a 'John Mahama Camboo' with a kinetic energy of 24KJ is approximately 28.28 m/s.
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Renewable energy replenishes naturally, has less environmental impact, and differs in availability and cost compared to non-renewable energy.
Potential energy of the pawpaw fruit is calculated as P . E = m g h = 0.005 × 9.8 × 12 = 0.588 J.
Velocity of the 'John Mahama Camboo' is found using K . E = 2 1 m v 2 , resulting in v = m 2 K E = 60 2 × 24000 ≈ 28.28 m/s.
The final answers are: Differences stated, P . E = 0.588 J, and v = 28.28 m/s.
Explanation
Introduction Let's break down this assessment question by question. We'll start by addressing the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources, then calculate potential energy, and finally determine the velocity of the 'John Mahama Camboo'.
Differences Between Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Sources Renewable energy sources are naturally replenished, while non-renewable sources have a finite supply. Here are four key differences:
Renewability: Renewable sources (e.g., solar, wind) can be replenished within a human lifespan. Non-renewable sources (e.g., coal, oil) cannot.
Environmental Impact: Renewable sources generally have lower emissions and environmental impact compared to non-renewable sources, which can cause pollution and habitat destruction.
Availability: Renewable sources are often distributed geographically, while non-renewable sources are concentrated in specific regions.
Cost: The initial setup cost for renewable energy systems can be high, but the operational costs are generally lower. Non-renewable sources may have lower initial costs but higher long-term operational and environmental costs.
Calculating Potential Energy To calculate the potential energy (P.E) of the pawpaw fruit, we use the formula:
P . E = m g h
where:
m is the mass in kilograms (kg)
g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 N/kg)
h is the height in meters (m)
First, we need to convert the given values to the correct units:
Mass: m = 5 g = 0.005 k g
Height: h = 1200 c m = 12 m
Now, we substitute these values into the formula:
P . E = ( 0.005 k g ) ( 9.8 N / k g ) ( 12 m ) = 0.588 J
Therefore, the potential energy of the pawpaw fruit is 0.588 Joules.
Determining Velocity To determine the velocity of the 'John Mahama Camboo', we use the kinetic energy (K.E) formula:
K . E = 2 1 m v 2
where:
m is the mass in kilograms (kg)
v is the velocity in meters per second (m/s)
We need to convert the given values to the correct units:
Mass: m = 60 , 000 g = 60 k g
Kinetic Energy: K . E = 24 K J = 24000 J
Now, we rearrange the formula to solve for v :
v = m 2 K E
Substitute the values:
v = 60 k g 2 ∗ 24000 J = 60 48000 = 800 ≈ 28.28 m / s
Therefore, the velocity of the 'John Mahama Camboo' is approximately 28.28 m/s.
Final Answers In summary:
Renewable energy is replenished naturally, has lower environmental impact, is geographically distributed, and has high initial costs but lower operational costs.
The potential energy of the pawpaw fruit is 0.588 Joules.
The velocity of the 'John Mahama Camboo' is approximately 28.28 m/s.
Examples
Understanding energy and motion is crucial in many real-world scenarios. For instance, calculating potential energy helps engineers design safe structures, like bridges, by accounting for the energy stored in elevated components. Similarly, determining kinetic energy is vital in transportation, ensuring vehicles are designed to withstand impacts and maintain safety. Knowing the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy informs decisions about sustainable energy practices, impacting environmental policies and technology development.
