Which of the following statements are true regarding homologous pairs of chromosomes? Select all that apply.
* Their presence indicates a cell is diploid
* They line up next to each other during metaphase I of meiosis
* They are the same size
* They are identical copies of one another
* One of the homologous chromosomes in a set is synthesized during S phase
* They are separated in anaphase I of meiosis
Answer (2)
The true statements regarding homologous pairs of chromosomes are that their presence indicates a diploid cell, they line up next to each other during metaphase I of meiosis, they are the same size, one of each pair is synthesized during S phase, and they are separated in anaphase I of meiosis.
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Homologous pairs of chromosomes are a key concept in understanding cell division and genetics. Let's explore the given statements to determine which ones are true about homologous pairs of chromosomes:
Their presence indicates a cell is diploid - True. Homologous chromosomes occur in diploid cells, which means the cell has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
They line up next to each other during metaphase I of meiosis - True. During metaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and align along the metaphase plate, preparing for separation.
They are the same size - True. Homologous chromosomes typically have the same length, shape, and centromere position, making them similar in appearance.
They are identical copies of one another - False. Homologous chromosomes are similar, but not identical; they contain the same genes at corresponding loci, but may have different alleles.
One of the homologous chromosomes in a set is synthesized during S phase - False. Each member of the homologous chromosome pair is inherited from one parent; during the S phase, each chromosome is replicated, but homologous pairs are not synthesized anew.
They are separated in anaphase I of meiosis - True. During anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell, which helps to reduce the chromosome number by half in gametes.
Overall, the true statements about homologous pairs of chromosomes are:
Their presence indicates a cell is diploid
They line up next to each other during metaphase I of meiosis
They are the same size
They are separated in anaphase I of meiosis.
