Use the table to compare the solubilities of substances. Check all of the boxes that apply.
A. Aspirin is less soluble than table salt, but more soluble than carbon dioxide.
B. A saltwater solution can be made by dissolving 20 g NaCl in 50 mL water.
C. A saturated solution of table sugar is more concentrated than a saturated solution of table salt.
D. Increasing the temperature will increase the solubility of all the solutes in the table
| Solute | Solubility (g/100 g water) |
| :--------------------------------- | :----------------------------- |
| Table sugar, [tex]$C _{12} H _{22} O _{11}$[/tex] | 200 |
| Table salt, NaCl | 36 |
| Aspirin, [tex]$C _9 H _8 O _4$[/tex] | 0.33 |
| Carbon dioxide, [tex]$CO _2$[/tex] | 0.17 |
*1 g water = 1 mL water
Answer (1)
Aspirin is less soluble than table salt, but more soluble than carbon dioxide.
A saltwater solution can be made by dissolving 20 g NaCl in 50 mL water.
A saturated solution of table sugar is more concentrated than a saturated solution of table salt.
Increasing the temperature will increase the solubility of all the solutes in the table.
The first and third statements are correct. The final answer is True, False, True, False.
Explanation
Problem Analysis We are given a table of solubilities for different substances and asked to evaluate the correctness of four statements based on the data. Let's analyze each statement.
Evaluating Statement 1 Statement 1: Aspirin is less soluble than table salt, but more soluble than carbon dioxide. From the table:
Aspirin solubility: 0.33 g/100 g water
Table salt solubility: 36 g/100 g water
Carbon dioxide solubility: 0.17 g/100 g water Comparing the values, we see that 0.33 < 36 and 0.33 > 0.17. Therefore, Aspirin is indeed less soluble than table salt but more soluble than carbon dioxide. This statement is correct.
Evaluating Statement 2 Statement 2: A saltwater solution can be made by dissolving 20 g NaCl in 50 mL water. We need to determine if 20 g of NaCl can dissolve in 50 mL of water. The table gives solubility in g/100 g water. Since 1 g water = 1 mL water, we can say the solubility of NaCl is 36 g/100 mL water. If we have 50 mL of water, the maximum amount of NaCl that can dissolve is: 100 mL water 36 g NaCl × 50 mL water = 18 g NaCl Since 20 g > 18 g, 20 g of NaCl cannot dissolve completely in 50 mL of water. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
Evaluating Statement 3 Statement 3: A saturated solution of table sugar is more concentrated than a saturated solution of table salt. From the table:
Table sugar solubility: 200 g/100 g water
Table salt solubility: 36 g/100 g water A saturated solution is one where the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in the solvent. Since table sugar has a higher solubility (200 g/100 g water) than table salt (36 g/100 g water), a saturated solution of table sugar will be more concentrated than a saturated solution of table salt. This statement is correct.
Evaluating Statement 4 Statement 4: Increasing the temperature will increase the solubility of all the solutes in the table. The table only provides solubility data at a specific temperature. We have no information about how temperature affects the solubility of these solutes. Therefore, we cannot validate this statement based on the given data. This statement might be true in general, but we cannot confirm it with the provided information. Thus, we consider this statement as not validated.
Final Answer Based on our analysis:
Statement 1 is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 3 is correct.
Statement 4 is not validated. Therefore, the correct statements are 1 and 3.
Examples
Understanding solubility is crucial in many real-world applications. For instance, when preparing a sugar solution for making candy, knowing the solubility of sugar helps determine how much sugar can be dissolved in a given amount of water at a specific temperature. Similarly, in pharmaceutical formulations, the solubility of a drug affects its absorption and effectiveness in the body. In environmental science, understanding the solubility of pollutants helps predict their movement and impact in water systems. Solubility principles are also vital in industrial processes, such as crystallization and extraction, where controlling the dissolution and precipitation of substances is essential for product quality and efficiency.
