Measurements of two electric currents are shown in the chart.
Electric Currents
| Current | Volts | Amperes |
|---|---|---|
| X | 1.5 | 7.8 |
| Y | 9 | 0.5 |
Which best compares the two currents?
A. Current X has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
B. Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
C. Current X has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a faster rate.
D. Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a faster rate.
Answer (2)
Current Y has a greater potential difference.
Current Y has a slower rate of charge flow.
Therefore, Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
The answer is: Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are asked to compare two electric currents, X and Y, based on their potential difference (measured in Volts) and the rate of charge flow (measured in Amperes). We need to determine which current has a greater potential difference and whether the charges flow at a faster or slower rate.
Comparing Potential Difference First, let's compare the potential difference (Volts) of the two currents: Current X: 1.5 Volts Current Y: 9 Volts Clearly, Current Y has a greater potential difference than Current X.
Comparing Rate of Charge Flow Next, let's compare the rate of charge flow (Amperes) of the two currents: Current X: 7.8 Amperes Current Y: 0.5 Amperes Clearly, Current X has a faster rate of charge flow than Current Y.
Conclusion Based on our comparisons:
Current Y has a greater potential difference.
Current X has a faster rate of charge flow (meaning Current Y has a slower rate of charge flow). Therefore, the correct statement is: Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate.
Examples
Understanding electric currents is crucial in many real-life applications. For example, when designing electronic devices, engineers need to consider both the voltage and current requirements of different components. A higher voltage can deliver more power, while a higher current indicates a faster flow of charge. Knowing how to compare these properties helps in selecting the right components and ensuring the device functions correctly and safely. Similarly, in electrical power distribution, understanding the relationship between voltage and current is essential for efficient energy transmission and preventing overloads.
Current Y has a greater potential difference, and the charges flow at a slower rate compared to Current X. Therefore, the correct answer is option B. This conclusion is derived from comparing the voltage and amperage of both currents to determine their characteristics.
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