An electric device delivers a current of [tex]$15.0 A$[/tex] for 30 seconds. How many electrons flow through it?
Answer (2)
When a current of 15.0 A is passed for 30 seconds, a total of 450 Coulombs of charge flows. This amount of charge corresponds to approximately 2.81 x 10^{21} electrons. Thus, about 2.81 trillion trillion electrons pass through the device during this time.
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Calculate the tax paid in the 10% bracket: 10 , 275 × 0.10 = $1 , 027.50 .
Calculate the tax paid in the 12% bracket: ( $23 , 470 − $10 , 275 ) × 0.12 = $1 , 583.40 .
Calculate the total tax paid: $1 , 027.50 + $1 , 583.40 = $2 , 610.90 .
Calculate the effective tax rate: $23 , 470 $2 , 610.90 × 100 ≈ 11.12% . The effective tax rate is 11.12% .
Explanation
Understanding the Problem First, we need to determine the amount of tax paid in each tax bracket. The taxable income is $23,470.
Calculating Tax in the 10% Bracket The first $10,275 is taxed at 10%. So the tax paid in this bracket is: 10 , 275 × 0.10 = $1 , 027.50
Calculating Tax in the 12% Bracket The remaining income is taxed at 12%. The amount of income taxed at 12% is: $23 , 470 − $10 , 275 = $13 , 195 So the tax paid in this bracket is: $13 , 195 × 0.12 = $1 , 583.40
Calculating Total Tax Paid The total tax paid is the sum of the tax paid in each bracket: $1 , 027.50 + $1 , 583.40 = $2 , 610.90
Calculating Effective Tax Rate The effective tax rate is the total tax paid divided by the taxable income, expressed as a percentage: $23 , 470 $2 , 610.90 × 100 ≈ 11.12% Rounding to the nearest hundredth, the effective tax rate is 11.12%.
Final Answer Therefore, the effective tax rate for a taxable income of $23,470 is approximately 11.12%.
Examples
Understanding effective tax rates is crucial for financial planning. For instance, if you're deciding between a raise and additional benefits, knowing your effective tax rate helps you determine which option gives you more take-home money. Also, when comparing different investment opportunities, considering the tax implications using your effective tax rate provides a clearer picture of your potential returns. This knowledge empowers you to make informed financial decisions and optimize your financial well-being.
