In practice, photovoltaic systems suffer numerous losses that reduce the actual electricity produced by potential power output.
A. no more than 5%
B. approximately 15%
C. as much as 20% or more
D. no less than 50%
Answer (2)
Photovoltaic systems can experience significant losses due to factors like temperature, shading, and inverter inefficiencies, typically around 20% or more. Understanding these losses is crucial for effective energy planning. The correct answer to the question is C, as much as 20% or more.
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Photovoltaic systems experience losses that reduce their actual power output.
Typical losses can be as much as 20% or more due to factors like temperature, shading, and inefficiencies.
Accurately estimating these losses is crucial for effective solar energy planning and investment.
The correct answer is \boxed{c}.
Explanation
Understanding the Problem Let's analyze the problem. We are asked to determine the typical percentage of power loss in photovoltaic systems. The options range from 'no more than 5%' to 'no less than 50%'. To answer this question accurately, we need to consider the various factors that contribute to power loss in photovoltaic systems. These factors include but are not limited to: temperature effects, shading, dust and dirt accumulation, wiring losses, inverter inefficiencies, and module degradation.
Determining the Answer Based on general knowledge and typical performance characteristics of photovoltaic systems, the losses can be significant. Option a (no more than 5%) is too optimistic, as even well-maintained systems experience more losses than that. Option d (no less than 50%) is too pessimistic, as such high losses would render the systems largely impractical. Option b (approximately 15%) and option c (as much as 20% or more) are more realistic. However, option c better reflects the reality that under various non-ideal conditions, losses can indeed exceed 20%.
Final Answer Therefore, the most appropriate answer is c. as much as 20% or more.
Examples
Understanding the efficiency and potential losses in photovoltaic systems is crucial for designing and maintaining effective solar energy installations. For example, when planning a solar panel installation for a home, knowing that losses can be as much as 20% or more helps in accurately estimating the actual power output. This ensures that the system is appropriately sized to meet the household's energy needs, taking into account factors like shading, temperature variations, and potential degradation over time. By accounting for these losses, homeowners can make informed decisions about their solar investments and optimize their energy savings.
