Which of the following equations represents an acid-base neutralization reaction?
[tex]$H _2 SO _4+ Zn \rightarrow ZnSO _4+ H _2$[/tex]
[tex]$HNO _3+ KOH \rightarrow KNO _3+ H _2 O$[/tex]
no correct response
more than one correct response
[tex]$Ba ( OH )_2+ Na _2 SO _4 \rightarrow BaSO _4+2 NaOH$[/tex]
Answer (2)
The equation H N O 3 + K O H → K N O 3 + H 2 O represents an acid-base neutralization reaction because it involves an acid reacting with a base to form a salt and water. The other equations do not meet the criteria for neutralization. Thus, the correct answer is the second equation provided.
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Acid-base neutralization involves the reaction of an acid and a base to form a salt and water.
Examine each equation to see if it fits the criteria of a neutralization reaction.
H N O 3 + K O Hr i g h t a rro w K N O 3 + H 2 O is the only equation that represents an acid-base neutralization reaction.
Therefore, the correct answer is H N O 3 + K O Hr i g h t a rro w K N O 3 + H 2 O .
Explanation
Understanding Neutralization Reactions We are asked to identify which of the given chemical equations represents an acid-base neutralization reaction. An acid-base neutralization reaction is characterized by the reaction between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water. We will examine each equation to determine if it fits this criterion.
Analyzing Equation 1 Let's analyze the first equation: H 2 S O 4 + Z n r i g h t a rro wZ n S O 4 + H 2 This reaction involves sulfuric acid ( H 2 S O 4 ) reacting with zinc ( Z n ) to produce zinc sulfate ( Z n S O 4 ) and hydrogen gas ( H 2 ). This is a single displacement reaction where zinc replaces hydrogen in sulfuric acid. It is not a neutralization reaction because it does not produce water.
Analyzing Equation 2 Now, let's examine the second equation: H N O 3 + K O Hr i g h t a rro w K N O 3 + H 2 O This reaction involves nitric acid ( H N O 3 ) reacting with potassium hydroxide ( K O H ) to produce potassium nitrate ( K N O 3 ) and water ( H 2 O ). Nitric acid is an acid, and potassium hydroxide is a base. The products are a salt (potassium nitrate) and water. Therefore, this is a neutralization reaction.
Analyzing Equation 3 Finally, let's analyze the third equation: B a ( O H ) 2 + N a 2 S O 4 r i g h t a rro wB a S O 4 + 2 N a O H This reaction involves barium hydroxide ( B a ( O H ) 2 ) reacting with sodium sulfate ( N a 2 S O 4 ) to produce barium sulfate ( B a S O 4 ) and sodium hydroxide ( N a O H ). This is a double displacement reaction, where the ions of the two reactants switch places. Although it involves a base ( B a ( O H ) 2 ), it does not produce water as a product. Therefore, it is not a neutralization reaction.
Conclusion Based on our analysis, only the second equation, H N O 3 + K O Hr i g h t a rro w K N O 3 + H 2 O , represents an acid-base neutralization reaction because it involves the reaction of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water.
Examples
Acid-base neutralization reactions are crucial in many real-world applications. For example, antacids use bases like calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide to neutralize excess stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), relieving heartburn. In agriculture, soil acidity can be corrected by adding lime (calcium oxide), which neutralizes the acid and improves plant growth. Similarly, in chemical industries, neutralization reactions are used to control pH levels in various processes, ensuring safety and efficiency.
