Select the chemical equation that most likely represents the reaction between the vinegar and the dolomite.
$MgCO _3+2 HCH _3 COO \rightarrow Mg + CO _3+\left( CH _3 COO _2+ H _2 O \right.$
$MgCO _3+2 HCH _3 COO \rightarrow Mg \left( CH _3 COO _2+ CO _2+ H _2 O \right.$
$\left.MgCO _3+2 HCH _3 COO \rightarrow Mg(CH_3 COO \right)_2+ H _2 O$
$MgCO _3+2 HCH _3 COO \rightarrow Mg \left( CH _3 COO \right)_2+ CO _2$
Answer (2)
Analyze the given chemical equations based on the expected products of an acid-carbonate reaction (salt, carbon dioxide, and water).
Evaluate each equation for balance and chemical reasonableness.
Identify the equation that correctly represents the reaction between magnesium carbonate and acetic acid.
The correct equation is: M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + C O 2 + H 2 O .
Explanation
Analyzing the Reaction We are given four chemical equations and need to select the one that most likely represents the reaction between vinegar (acetic acid, H C H 3 COO ) and dolomite (magnesium carbonate, M g C O 3 ). The general reaction between an acid and a carbonate produces a salt, carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ), and water ( H 2 O ). We need to check which of the given equations follows this pattern and is balanced.
Evaluating Each Equation Let's analyze each equation:
M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g + C O 3 + ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + H 2 O : This equation is incorrect because it produces elemental magnesium ( M g ) and carbonate ion ( C O 3 ), which is not the expected outcome. Also, the equation is not balanced.
M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + C O 2 + H 2 O : This equation looks promising. Magnesium carbonate reacts with acetic acid to produce magnesium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water. Let's check if it is balanced. On the left side, we have 1 M g , 1 C O 3 , 2 H , and 2 C H 3 COO . On the right side, we have 1 M g , 2 C H 3 COO , 1 C O 2 , and 1 H 2 O . This is equivalent to 1 M g , 1 C , 3 O , 2 H , and 2 C H 3 COO . So, the equation is balanced.
M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + H 2 O : This equation is missing the carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ) product, which is expected in the reaction between a carbonate and an acid. Therefore, it is incorrect.
M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + C O 2 : This equation is missing the water ( H 2 O ) product, which is expected in the reaction between a carbonate and an acid. Therefore, it is incorrect.
Selecting the Correct Equation Based on the analysis, the second equation is the most likely correct representation of the reaction:
M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO r i g h t a rro wM g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + C O 2 + H 2 O
Examples
The reaction between vinegar and dolomite is a classic example of an acid-carbonate reaction. This type of reaction is commonly observed in geology, where acidic rainwater reacts with carbonate rocks like limestone or dolomite, leading to weathering and erosion. The carbon dioxide released contributes to the carbon cycle. In everyday life, similar reactions are used in antacids to neutralize stomach acid, which is primarily hydrochloric acid.
The equation that most accurately represents the reaction between vinegar and dolomite is M g C O 3 + 2 H C H 3 COO → M g ( C H 3 COO ) 2 + C O 2 + H 2 O , as it correctly shows the formation of magnesium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water. Other options were either unbalanced or omitted essential products. Therefore, option two is the best choice.
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