Select the correct answer.
What are the products of the acid-base reaction between [tex]$HNO _3$[/tex] and NaOH?
A. [tex]$H _2 O$[/tex] and [tex]$NaNO _3$[/tex]
B. NaH and [tex]$NO _3 OH$[/tex]
C. HNOH and [tex]$NaO _3$[/tex]
D. NaOH and [tex]$HNO _3$[/tex]
Answer (2)
Acid-base reactions produce a salt and water.
H N O 3 (acid) reacts with N a O H (base).
The products are water ( H 2 O ) and sodium nitrate ( N a N O 3 ).
The correct answer is A: H 2 O and N a N O 3
Explanation
Problem Analysis The question asks us to identify the products of the acid-base reaction between nitric acid ( H N O 3 ) and sodium hydroxide ( N a O H ). Acid-base reactions, also known as neutralization reactions, generally produce a salt and water.
Identifying Products In this specific reaction, nitric acid ( H N O 3 ) reacts with sodium hydroxide ( N a O H ). The hydrogen ion ( H + ) from the acid combines with the hydroxide ion ( O H − ) from the base to form water ( H 2 O ). The remaining ions, sodium ( N a + ) and nitrate ( N O 3 − ), combine to form the salt sodium nitrate ( N a N O 3 ).
Determining the Products Therefore, the products of the reaction are water ( H 2 O ) and sodium nitrate ( N a N O 3 ).
Selecting the Correct Answer Looking at the given options:
A. H 2 O and N a N O 3 - This matches our result.
B. N a H and N O 3 O H - Incorrect.
C. H NO H and N a O 3 - Incorrect.
D. N a O H and H N O 3 - These are the reactants, not the products.
Final Answer The correct answer is A, as it lists the products water ( H 2 O ) and sodium nitrate ( N a N O 3 ).
Examples
Acid-base reactions are fundamental in chemistry and have numerous real-world applications. For instance, they are used in titrations to determine the concentration of acids or bases, in the production of fertilizers, and in controlling the pH of soil for agriculture. Understanding these reactions helps in various fields, from environmental science to medicine, where maintaining the right pH is crucial for many processes. For example, antacids use acid-base neutralization to relieve heartburn by neutralizing excess stomach acid. The reaction between an acid and a base produces a salt and water, which are less harmful to the body.
In the acid-base reaction between H N O 3 and N a O H , the products formed are water H 2 O and sodium nitrate N a N O 3 . Therefore, the correct answer is A: H 2 O and N a N O 3 .
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