Use the table to answer the questions below.
When the temperature in a room increases from [tex]$25^{\circ} C$[/tex] to [tex]$33^{\circ} C$[/tex], changes from a solid to a liquid.
In a lab, methane and nitrogen are cooled from [tex]$-170^{\circ} C$[/tex] to [tex]$-200^{\circ} C$[/tex]. The methane freezes and the
| Substance | Melting point ([tex]$^{\circ} C$[/tex]) | Boiling point ([tex]$^{\circ} C$[/tex]) |
|---|---|---|
| Gallium ([tex]$(Ga)$[/tex]) | 30 | 2,204 |
| Gold ([tex]$(Au)$[/tex]) | 1,064 | 2,856 |
| Methane ([tex]$(CH_4)$[/tex]) | -183 | -162 |
| Nitrogen ([tex]$(N_2)$[/tex]) | -210 | -196 |
nitrogen
When gold is heated to [tex]$2,856^{\circ} C$[/tex] it changes from a liquid to a ____.
Answer (2)
Gallium changes from solid to liquid when the temperature increases from 2 5 ∘ C to 3 3 ∘ C .
Nitrogen does not freeze when cooled from − 17 0 ∘ C to − 20 0 ∘ C .
Gold changes from a liquid to a gas when heated to 2 , 85 6 ∘ C .
The final answer is: Gallium, nitrogen, gas.
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given a table with the melting and boiling points of Gallium, Gold, Methane, and Nitrogen. We need to use this information to determine the state changes of these substances under different temperature conditions.
Identifying the First Substance First, let's identify the substance that changes from solid to liquid when the temperature increases from 2 5 ∘ C to 3 3 ∘ C . This means we are looking for a substance with a melting point between 2 5 ∘ C and 3 3 ∘ C . From the table, Gallium (Ga) has a melting point of 3 0 ∘ C , which falls within this range. Therefore, Gallium changes from solid to liquid.
Analyzing Methane and Nitrogen Next, let's analyze why Methane freezes and Nitrogen does not when cooled from − 17 0 ∘ C to − 20 0 ∘ C . Freezing occurs at the melting point. Methane has a melting point of − 18 3 ∘ C , so when cooled to − 20 0 ∘ C , it will freeze because − 20 0 ∘ C is below its melting point. Nitrogen has a melting point of − 21 0 ∘ C . Since the temperature is only cooled to − 20 0 ∘ C , which is above its melting point, Nitrogen remains a gas.
Determining the State of Gold Finally, let's determine the state of Gold when heated to 2 , 85 6 ∘ C . Gold has a boiling point of 2 , 85 6 ∘ C . When a substance reaches its boiling point, it changes from a liquid to a gas. Therefore, Gold changes from a liquid to a gas.
Final Answer Therefore, the answers are: Gallium, nitrogen, and gas.
Examples
Understanding the melting and boiling points of substances is crucial in various real-world applications. For example, in metallurgy, knowing the melting points of different metals helps in creating alloys with desired properties. In cryogenics, the boiling points of gases like nitrogen are essential for refrigeration and preserving biological samples. In cooking, understanding phase transitions helps in preparing food, such as melting chocolate or boiling water.
Gallium changes from solid to liquid at 3 0 ∘ C , methane freezes at − 20 0 ∘ C , nitrogen remains a gas, and gold changes from a liquid to a gas at 2 , 85 6 ∘ C .
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