Which proportionality applies to Avogadro's law?
[tex]$V \propto \frac{1}{P}$[/tex]
[tex]$V \propto T$[/tex]
[tex]$P \propto T$[/tex]
[tex]$V \propto n$[/tex]
Answer (2)
Avogadro's Law relates volume and the number of moles.
Avogadro's Law states that volume is directly proportional to the number of moles: $V
lessapprox n$.
The other options represent Boyle's Law ($V
lessapprox
rac{1}{P} ) , C ha r l e s ′ s L a w ( V
lessapprox T ) , an d G a y − Lu ss a c ′ s L a w ( P
lessapprox T$).
The correct proportionality is $\boxed{V
lessapprox n}$.
Explanation
Understanding Avogadro's Law We need to identify the correct proportionality that applies to Avogadro's law. Avogadro's law describes the relationship between the volume of a gas and the number of moles of the gas, when the temperature and pressure are kept constant.
Expressing the Proportionality Avogadro's law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas. Mathematically, this is represented as: V l ess a pp ro x n where:
V is the volume of the gas
n is the number of moles of the gas
Identifying the Correct Option Now, let's examine the given options:
$V
lessapprox
rac{1}{P}$: This represents Boyle's Law, where volume is inversely proportional to pressure.
$V
lessapprox T$: This represents Charles's Law, where volume is directly proportional to temperature.
$P
lessapprox T$: This represents Gay-Lussac's Law, where pressure is directly proportional to temperature.
$V
lessapprox n$: This is Avogadro's Law, where volume is directly proportional to the number of moles.
Conclusion Therefore, the correct proportionality that applies to Avogadro's law is $V
lessapprox n$.
Examples
Avogadro's Law is useful in scenarios like determining the amount of gas needed to inflate a balloon to a specific volume. For example, if you know that 1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP), you can use Avogadro's Law to calculate how many moles of gas you need to fill a 5-liter balloon at STP. This principle is also crucial in stoichiometry, where you need to relate the volumes of gaseous reactants and products in chemical reactions.
Avogadro's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas, represented mathematically as V \textpropto n . This principle applies when temperature and pressure are held constant. Thus, the correct choice for the proportionality that applies to Avogadro's Law is V \textpropto n .
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