The sentences provided are examples of different tenses in the English language, which is a topic under the subject of English, commonly taught at the Middle School level.
"I will write a letter." - This sentence uses the future tense, indicating an action that will happen in the future.
"I can write English." - This is an example of a sentence using the modal verb "can" to express ability in the present tense.
"I have written the letter." - This utilizes the present perfect tense to indicate an action that was completed at some indefinite time before now.
"They are speaking English." - This sentence is in the present continuous tense, which describes an action that is currently happening.
"They will speak English." - This uses the future tense to indicate an action that will take place in the future.
"They have spoken English." - Here, the present perfect tense is used to express an action completed at some indefinite time preceding the present.
"Rufai is climbing a tree." - This sentence is in the present continuous tense, indicating an action that is happening at the moment.
"George has shut the door." - This uses the present perfect tense, indicating that the action was completed recently.
"I have seen the teacher." - This is in the present perfect tense, signifying an action that occurred at an unspecified time prior to now.
"I will see the teacher." - This uses the future tense, indicating an action that will occur.
"What is he doing?" - This is a present continuous tense question asking about an action currently happening.