2. What are the roles of the following enzymes and secretions in the process of digestion? Explain each of them.

a. Salivary amylase

b. Bile

c. Rennin

d. Hydrochloric acid

3. How do the following accessory organs help in the process of digestion?

a. Liver

b. Pancreas

c. Gallbladder

B. Complete the crossword puzzle by filling in the blanks with the correct digestive system terms.

Across:
3. The organ that produces bile to aid in digestion
5. A digestive enzyme found in saliva that breaks down starch
6. Structures in the mouth that crush food into smaller pieces
8. The storage organ for the bile
10. The organ that stores solid waste before it is expelled

Down:
1. The larger part of the intestine, also called the colon
2. Glands in the mouth that produce saliva
4. The part of the intestine where most nutrient absorption occurs
7. The muscular organ that helps with tasting and swallowing food
9. The tube connecting the throat to the stomach

Enzymes and secretions such as salivary amylase, bile, rennin, and hydrochloric acid play crucial roles in breaking down food and assisting nutrient absorption. Accessory organs like the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder further support digestion by producing necessary substances and processing nutrients. Understanding these components is key to grasping how our digestive system functions effectively.
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Answered by Anonymous | 2025-07-04

Enzymes and Secretions in Digestion:
a. Salivary Amylase :

Salivary amylase is an enzyme found in saliva.
It begins the chemical process of digestion by breaking down starches into simpler sugars in the mouth.
This is the first step in carbohydrate digestion.

b. Bile :

Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
It helps digest fats by emulsifying them, which increases the surface area for lipase action.
Bile also helps in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).

c. Rennin :

Rennin, also known as chymosin, is an enzyme that curdles milk, helping in the digestion of milk proteins.
It is particularly important in infancy.

d. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) :

HCl is secreted by the stomach lining.
It creates an acidic environment, activates the enzyme pepsin, and helps protect the body by killing bacteria and pathogens in food.


Accessory Organs in Digestion:
a. Liver :

The liver produces bile, crucial for the emulsification and digestion of fats.
It processes nutrients absorbed from the small intestine and detoxifies chemicals.

b. Pancreas :

The pancreas produces enzymes such as trypsin, amylase, and lipase, which are secreted into the small intestine to aid digestion.
It also produces insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels.

c. Gallbladder :

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.
It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats.



B. Crossword Puzzle Solutions:
Across:

Liver - The organ that produces bile to aid in digestion.
Amylase - A digestive enzyme found in saliva that breaks down starch.
Teeth - Structures in the mouth that crush food into smaller pieces.
Gallbladder - The storage organ for the bile.
Rectum - The organ that stores solid waste before it is expelled.

Down:

Large Intestine - The larger part of the intestine, also called the colon.
Salivary Glands - Glands in the mouth that produce saliva.
Small Intestine - The part of the intestine where most nutrient absorption occurs.
Tongue - The muscular organ that helps with tasting and swallowing food.
Esophagus - The tube connecting the throat to the stomach.

Answered by EmmaGraceJohnson | 2025-07-06