Natural selection states that:
A. A change in a species occurs over time.
B. Nature selects the variations within a species that are most useful for survival.
C. Fitness is an organism’s ability to survive and produce fertile offspring.
D. All of the above.
Answer (2)
Natural selection is a fundamental concept in biology and a critical mechanism in the process of evolution. It occurs when individuals in a population that possess certain heritable traits have better reproductive success than others. Over time, these advantageous traits become more prevalent within the population, leading to an evolutionary change. The options provided in the student's question each touch on different aspects of natural selection:
(a) implies that species experience changes over time, which is correct in the context of evolution.
(b) states that nature selects variations within a species that are beneficial for survival, which is one of the drivers of natural selection.
(c) defines fitness as an organism's ability to survive and produce fertile offspring, which is central to the concept of natural selection.
Therefore, the answer to the student's question is (d) all of the above, as each statement is a component of the natural selection process.
Natural selection is a fundamental concept in biology that explains how species evolve over time through the survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits. The correct answer to the question is D. All of the above , as each statement represents an important aspect of natural selection. This process illustrates how variations, competition, and fitness contribute to the evolutionary changes in populations.
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